近日，全国防汛已进入关键时期，国家防汛抗旱总指挥部、水利部等相关部门均已严阵以待，以应对南方部分省市发生的严重洪涝灾害。地理信息系统（GIS）作为集地理系统测量学、地图学、空间学、统计学等多门学科为一体的新兴技术，正广泛运用于防汛抗旱的各项相关工作中。

　　“水利行业作为应用GIS技术较早的行业之一，对GIS功能的开发和利用比较全面。”ESRI公司水利行业经理王垒介绍说，“防汛工作的开展离不开各相关数据的支持，这其中包括水雨情、工情、灾情、防汛抗旱行动等实时信息，以及行政、人口、设施等基础信息。要对它们进行实时的维护和查询，就需要GIS在管理海量数据库方面的强大能力。”

　　为了进行会商调度，还需要把上述数据直观地表现出来。地理信息系统一方面能把跟地理、测绘相关的内容形象地表现出来；另一方面又能跟水文、水情等业务内容进行很好地结合。基于此，就能够进行各项分析：预测汛情，提前做好物资储备；汛期如何进行蓄洪排洪以及人员疏散；灾后重建和规划……这种分析，是通过模型和数据相结合实现的。而这些模型，是经过长期的业务积累和经验总结，终得到的数据抽象及处理流程。我国的中国水利水电科学研究院，就开发出了很多这方面的模型。而ESRI公司基于ArcGIS开发的ArcHydro水利数据模型，可为水资源项目的成功设计与实施提供高起点的保障。

　　近20年来，地理信息系统在水利信息化的建设过程中得到了越来越普遍的应用。2004通过论证的全国三维电子江河系统，改变了防汛指挥在沙盘上“打仗”的历史。而建设中的国家防汛抗旱指挥系统，将能够实现数据共享、业务透明、政务公开、上下联动的现实要求。

Recently, the country has entered a critical period of flood prevention, the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, the Ministry of Water Resources and other relevant departments have to prepare to respond to some provinces and cities in the south of the serious flooding occurred. Geographic Information System (GIS) system as a set of geographical surveying, cartography, space science, statistics and other subjects as one of the emerging technologies, are widely used in the relevant flood control and drought relief work.

"Application of GIS water technology industry as the industry earlier one of the functions of GIS development and use of more comprehensive." ESRI Water Sector Manager of the company, said Wang Lei, "carry out flood prevention work can not be separated from the support of all relevant data, which including rain water, the situation, disaster, flood control and drought relief operations in real-time information, as well as administrative, population, facilities and other basic information. to their maintenance and real-time information, the need for GIS in the management of the massive power of database. "


Scheduling conference in order to carry out needed directly to the above-mentioned data show. Geographic Information System on the one hand, can with the geography, surveying and mapping-related content to displayed image; on the other hand, while with the hydrology, water content, such as a good business combination. Based on this, will be able to carry out the analysis: flood forecasting, reserve materials in advance to do a good job; flood discharges from the flood, as well as how to carry out evacuation; post-disaster reconstruction and planning ... ... to such an analysis, and data through the model combining the . And these models is the result of accumulation and long-term experience in business, and ultimately the abstract data and processing. China's Water Resources and Hydropower Research Institute of China, on developed a model for many in this area. ESRI, the ArcGIS-based development model ArcHydro water data for water resources in the success of the project design and implementation of the protection provided by a high starting point.


Over the past 20 years, geographic information systems information technology in water conservancy construction has been more common applications. 2004, through three-dimensional demonstration of the national system of electronic rivers, flood control has changed in the sand table on the "war" in history. The construction of the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System, will be able to achieve data sharing, business transparency, openness in government affairs, the practical requirements of upper and lower linkage.