作者：钟起煌

地图不同于一般的消费品，它通过其符号、色彩、名称注记等形象直观地表示出国家的疆域范围和边界，反映了一个国家在领土主权方面的意志和外交立场，地图上的国界线常常被视同为领土主权的依据。它是国家版图的主要表现形式，具有严肃的政治性、严密的科学性和严格的法定性。

　　我国历来十分重视对地图市场的管理，先后颁发了《中华人民共和国地图编制出版管理条例》、《地图审核管理规定》、《公开地图內容表示若干规定》等法律法规和规范性文件。但近年来由于缺乏国家版图意识、不懂地图知识，在某些媒体、网站、广告中不断出现损害我国主权和领土完整、违背“一个中国”原则的问题地图，不仅损害了广大消费者的利益，而且严重损害了国家利益、民族尊严和国家形象，造成了不好的政治影响。为此有必要加强对国家版图的宣传，让地图法规和知识深入人心。建议：

　　一、利用多种宣传工具，广泛宣传地图知识和国家版图意识。建议将在中小学教课本中加入地图知识教育，使公民从小就有国家版图意识。

　　二、加强地图制作的管理。地图的制作必须由有地图编制资质的测绘单位来完成，地图在编制出样图后，在印刷、展示、登载之前必须送国家测绘行政主管部门审核。编制地图以及展示未出版的绘有国界线以及省级行政区域界线的地图产品(含图书、报刊插图、示意图)，应当事先按规定向省级以上测绘行政主管部门送审试制样图。审核的意义在于，地图表示的內容是否准确，有无遗漏，从而保证地图质量，维护国家主权和利益。

　　三、规范地图的使用。单位和个人在日常使用中，要以国家权威部门制作并发布的地图为准，杜绝非标准、不规范的“地图”在市场上销售。

　　四、加强地图市场监管力度。国家及省政府有关部门要主动承担各自的责任，加强地图市场的监管，定期专项清理，清除市场上的不规范地图。同时公布举报电话，发动群众，让人人都来参与地图市场的监管工作。

Map is different from ordinary consumer goods, through its symbols, colors, names, images, etc. Note visually expressed the scope and boundaries of national borders, reflecting a country's territorial sovereignty of the will and diplomatic position on the map of the national boundary is often been seen as the basis for the territorial integrity and sovereignty. It is the principal manifestations of the national territory, with serious political, scientific and strict strict statutory nature.

China has always attached great importance to the management of the market on the map, has issued the "Regulations published in The People's Republic of China Map of the preparation", "map auditing regulations" and "open map content of a number of provisions" and other laws, regulations and regulatory documents. But in recent years due to lack of awareness of the national territory, do not understand maps of knowledge, and in some media, websites, advertisements continue to appear to violate our national sovereignty and territorial integrity, contrary to the "one China" principle, the problem map, not only damaged the interests of the vast number of consumers , but also seriously damaged the national interests, national dignity and national image, resulting in a bad political influence. To this end it is necessary to strengthen the national territory of the publicity, so deeply rooted among maps and knowledge of laws and regulations. Recommendation:


1, using a variety of promotional tools give wide publicity to map the territory of knowledge and awareness of the country. Recommendations will be added to map primary and secondary school textbooks to teach the knowledge and education so that citizens will have an early age awareness of the national territory.


Second, to strengthen the management of cartography. Production of maps to be qualified by a map prepared to complete the surveying and mapping units, the map in the preparation of a sample diagram, in the printing, display, publish must be sent to the State prior to the executive in charge of surveying and mapping department. The preparation of maps and display unpublished painted country boundaries and the provincial administrative boundaries of the map products (including books, newspapers and illustrations, schematic), should be required in advance to the provincial administrative departments of surveying and mapping the above trial to trial-like figure. The significance of the audit, the map indicated that the content is accurate, whether the omission, in order to ensure map quality, and safeguarding national sovereignty and interests.


Third, standardize the use of maps. Units and individuals in everyday use, it is necessary to produce and distribute state authoritative department, the map shall prevail and eliminate non-standard, non-standard "map" on the market.


Fourth, strengthen market supervision and maps. National and provincial government departments should take the initiative to assume their responsibilities, to strengthen market supervision maps, periodic special cleaning to remove non-standard maps on the market. Report also released phones, to mobilize the masses, people who are to participate in map market monitoring.