为加强仪器设备的使用、维护和管理，充分发挥其使用效益，确保测绘生产的安全顺利完成，便于作业人员正确使用和维护仪器设备，特对仪器设备的正确使用与维护作以下介绍。
一、 仪器设备的保管：
（一）仪器设备的保管应由专人负责，每天在外业使用完毕后带回住地，不要寄放在其他地方或留在作业现场。
（二）仪器箱内应保持干燥，要防潮防水并及时更换干燥剂。有条件时，仪器须放置在仪器架（柜）上或固定的位置。
（三）仪器长期不用时，放置一个月左右，须定期取出通风防霉并通电防潮，以保持仪器良好的工作状态。
（四）在野外驻地，仪器应放置在安全稳妥的地方，摆放整齐，不要倒置。
二、 使用时的注意事项：
（一）开工前应检查仪器背箱带及提手是否牢固。
（二）开箱后提取仪器前，要看准仪器在箱内放置的方式和位置，装卸仪器时，必须握住提手，将仪器从箱内取出或装入仪器箱时，应握住仪器的提手和基座部分，否则，会影响内部固定部件，甚至滑落摔坏仪器，致使仪器不能使用或降低仪器的测量精度。仪器使用完毕，先盖上物镜罩，再擦去表面的灰尘。装箱时各部位要放置稳妥，合上箱盖时无任何障碍。
（三）水准仪、全站仪等在太阳光照射下使用的仪器，应给仪器打伞，并带上遮阳罩，以免影响观测精度。在杂乱环境下测量，仪器要有专人守护。当仪器架设在光滑的表面时，要用细绳（或细铅丝）将脚架的三个脚联结起来，以防仪器滑倒摔坏。
（四）当测站之间距离较远，搬站时应将仪器卸下，装箱后背着走。行走前要检查仪器箱是否锁好，检查安全带是否系好。当测站之间距离较近，搬站时须将仪器连同三脚架一起靠在肩上，但仪器要尽量保持直立放置。
（五）搬站之前，应检查仪器与脚架的连接是否牢固，搬运时，应把制动螺旋略微关住，使仪器在搬站过程中不致晃动。
（六）仪器任何部件发生故障，不得勉强使用，应立即进行检修，否则，会加剧仪器的损坏程度。
（七）光学元件应保持清洁，如粘染灰尘必须用毛刷或柔软的擦镜纸清除。禁止用手指抚摸仪器的任何光学元件表面。清洁仪器透镜表面时，需先用干净的毛刷扫除灰尘，再用干净的无线棉布沾酒精由透镜中心向外一圈圈的轻轻擦拭。除去仪器箱上的灰尘时切不可用任何稀释剂或汽油，应用干净的布块沾中性洗涤剂擦洗。
（八）在潮湿环境中作业，工作结束后，要用软布擦干仪器表面的水分或灰尘后才能装箱。回到住地后立即开箱取出仪器放置干燥处，彻底凉干后才能装入仪器箱箱内。
（九）所有仪器在连接外部设备时，应注意相对应的接口、电极连接是否正确，确认无误后方可开启主机和外围设备。拔插接线时不要抓住线就往外拔，应握住接头顺方向拔插，也不要边摇晃插头边拔插，以免损坏接头。数据传输线、GPS（监控器）天线等在收线时不要弯折，应盘成圈收藏，以免各类连接线被折断而影响工作。
三、 仪器转运时注意事项：
（一）首先把仪器装入仪器箱内，再把仪器箱装在专供转运用的木箱内，并在空隙处填充泡沫、海绵、刨花或其他防震物品。装好后将木箱或塑料箱盖子盖好。需要时应用绳子捆扎结实。
（二）无运输的木箱或塑料箱的仪器不能办理托运，应由使用人亲自携带。在整个转运过程中，要做到人不离开仪器。如乘车，应将仪器放在松软物品上面用手扶着。在颠簸厉害的道路上行驶时，携带者应将仪器抱在怀里。
（三）仪器应注意轻拿、轻放、放正，不得挤压，无论天气晴雨，均要事先做好防晒、防雨、防震等保护措施。
四、 电池的使用：
GPS接收机、全站仪、卫星电话、北斗星（GPS）、摄象机、数码相机、便携式微机等设备配置的电池是最重要的部件之一，现在所配备的电池一般为Ni-MH（镍氢电池）和Ni-Cd（镍镉电池）、锂电池，电池的好坏、电量的多少决定了作业时间的长短。
（一）各种仪器、电子设备在电源打开时不要将电池取出，因为此时存储的数据可能会丢失，因此，须在电源关闭后再取出电池。
（二）充电电池可以反复充电使用，但是如果在电池还存有剩余电量的状态下充电，则会缩短电池的工作时间，此时，电池的电压可通过刷新给予复原，从而改善作业时间，充足电的电池放电时间约需8小时。
（三）不要连续进行充电或放电，否则，会损坏电池和充电器，如有必要进行充电或放电，则应在停止充电约30分钟后再使用充电器。
（四）不要在电池刚充电后就进行充电或放电，这样会造成电池损坏，不能使用。
（五）超过规定的充电时间会缩短电池的使用寿命，应尽量避免超长时间的充电。
总之，在进行测绘生产过程中，要做好各类仪器设备的使用和维护，了解和正确使用各种仪器电池的充放电，才能延长其使用寿命，确保仪器设备的使用功效发挥到最大的效益。
 

To enhance the use of equipment, maintenance and management, give full play to its efficiency in the use of mapping to ensure that the successful completion of the safety of production, ease of operation and maintenance of the proper use of personnel equipment, special instruments and equipment for the proper use and maintenance as described below.
First, the custody of equipment:
(A) The equipment shall be specifically responsible for the custody, a day after the use of outside industry back home, do not leave or in other places to stay in operation at the scene.
(B) should be kept inside the drying apparatus, it is necessary to damp proof and waterproof the timely replacement desiccant. Conditions, the equipment that is placed in the equipment rack (cabinet) or a fixed location.
(C) long-term instruments when not in use, place about a month to be regularly removed ventilation moisture mold and electricity in order to maintain a good working state apparatus.
(D) resident in the field, instruments should be placed in a safe and secure place, neatly placed and not inverted.
Second, the use of Notes:
(A) pre-screening equipment should be brought back box and handle it firmly.
(B) after the extraction equipment out of the box before the box to see equipment in the manner and location of placement, loading and unloading equipment, it is important to hold the handle, the apparatus removed from the box or boxes into the apparatus, the apparatus should be held part of the handle and base, otherwise, will affect the internal fixed components, and even machines break down, which can not use equipment or instruments to reduce the measurement accuracy. Equipment after use, first covered with lens hood, and then wipe the dust off the surface. Packing should be placed at various parts of the sound, close the cover without any obstacles.
(C) Level, Total Station, such as sunlight exposure in the use of the apparatus, the apparatus should hold up an umbrella and wear sun enclosures, so as not to affect the accuracy of observation. Measurements in clutter environment, equipment must be guarded person. When the apparatus set up in the smooth surface, use string (or thin wire) to the three foot tripod link to prevent the apparatus from slipping break.
(D) When the distance between stations, or station equipment should be unloaded, after packing away their backs. Walk before me to check whether the lock apparatus to check whether a good seat belts. When the distance between stations close to station should be moved together with the tripod with the apparatus against the shoulder, but the equipment should be placed to keep upright.
(E) to move stand with tripod equipment should check the connection is solid, removal should be related to brake slightly spiral housing, the instrument in the process of moving will not stop shaking.
(Vi) the failure of equipment of any components not just the use, maintenance should be carried out immediately, otherwise, would aggravate the extent of damage to equipment.
(Vii) optical elements should be kept clean, such as visco-stained dust must be rubbing a soft brush or lens paper to remove. Prohibited equipment with your fingers touching the surface of any optical components. Lens surface cleaning apparatus, to be the first with a clean brush to remove dust, and then dip a clean cotton cloth wireless hub-and-alcohol by the lens of a circle wipe gently. Equipment to remove dust on the box must not be any thinner or gasoline, the application of clean soiled cloth scrub neutral detergent.
(Viii) operating in humid environment, the working end of instrument to use a soft cloth to dry the surface of water or dust can after packing. Back to home immediately after the placing equipment out of the box dry out thoroughly before凉干equipment box into the box.
(I) all equipment is connected to external equipment, should pay attention to the corresponding interface, the electrode connection is correct, verify correct before opening the host and peripheral devices. Do not grasp the plug wire out of line on drawing, the direction should hold joint Shun-swappable, and do not plug while shaking side-swappable, so as to avoid damage to joints. Data transmission lines, GPS (monitor) and other antenna not in the bending-up should be set into a ring collection, so as to avoid all kinds of links were broken and the impact of the work.
Third, when the transfer apparatus NOTES:
(A) First of all the equipment into the equipment box, and then installed in the instrument for me to use in the wooden box and fill in the gaps in the Agency foam, sponge, wood shavings or other items earthquake. Installed wooden box or plastic cover will be sub-cover. Application needs strong rope tied.
(B) no transport boxes or plastic boxes for shipment of equipment can not be used to carry personally. Throughout the transfer process, to do not leave the apparatus. Such as travel, equipment should be soft on the hand held on the above items. Much in the bumpy roads, the carriers should be instruments in his arms.
(C) the equipment should be noted that use light, light put off is not squeezing, no matter the weather barometer, had to do a good job prior sun, rain, earthquake and other protective measures.
Fourth, the use of battery:
GPS receivers, total stations, satellite phone, Big Dipper (GPS), cameras, digital cameras, portable computer batteries, such as device configuration is the most important components of one of the batteries are usually equipped with Ni-MH (Nickel MH battery) and Ni-Cd (nickel-cadmium batteries), lithium batteries, the battery is good or bad, determines how much electricity the length of operation.
(A) a variety of instruments, electronic equipment when not in power to open the battery out, when data stored may be lost, therefore, must be removed before the battery power off.
(B) rechargeable batteries can be recharged repeatedly using, but if there are remaining in the battery power of the state of charge, it will shorten the battery's working time, at this time, the battery voltage can be set to give rehabilitation to improve the operating time, adequate battery discharge time is about eight hours.
(C) not to charge or discharge continuously, otherwise, they will damage the battery and charger, if necessary, to charge or discharge, they should stop charging at about 30 minutes before using the charger.
(D) Do not just charge the battery for charging or after discharge, this would result in battery damage, can not be used.
(E) exceeds the charging time will shorten battery life, should try to avoid super-long charge.
In short, during the mapping process, it is necessary to do a good job in all types of equipment use and maintenance, understanding and proper use of various instruments of the charge and discharge the battery, extending its life to ensure the effectiveness of the use of instruments and equipment to maximize the effectiveness of .