素描：赵和平

　　主持人：您多年来一直从事测绘导航事业，又曾在测绘学院任教多年，是学者型的领导。打赢现代战争，需要构建透明战场；构建透明战场，离不开军事测绘导航。新中国成立以来，我军测绘技术手段发生什么变化？

　　袁树友：军事测绘导航在我军作战指挥、装备建设、部队训练、抢险救灾和国家经济建设中，有着独特而重要的基础保障作用，担负着“认知地球、透明战场、精测目标、实时导航“的战略使命。测绘兵是一支有着光荣传统、精湛技术和宽阔胸怀的部队，最早就受到党和国家领导人“特别能吃苦、特别能奉献、特别能战斗”的赞誉。

　　新中国刚成立时，我军的测绘手段还相当落后，靠的是一支笔、一块图板、一台仪器等简陋的装备，采取的是以人力密集型为主的手工作业生产方式。为完成地图测量任务，测绘兵跋山涉水、风餐露宿，用原始的工具作业，用双脚丈量大地，不少人为军事测绘献出了年轻的生命。

　　改革开放以后，特别是20世纪90年代后期，我国信息产业飞速发展，新的技术全面进入军事测绘导航领域，在航天遥感测量、卫星导航定位和测绘数字信息工程等方面取得了可喜突破。我军军事测绘导航技术手段，已从手工作业向数字化、信息化转变。计算机制图已经代替手工作业，网络化生产已经形成规模，以往需要大量仓库堆放的地图浓缩到一张张小小的芯片里。野外测绘也实现数字化。如今，野外测绘官兵们手持巴掌大的卫星定位机，无论走到祖国哪一个地方，都会自动测量出该点的三维坐标。

　　主持人：谁都知道，在近几次局部战争中，先进的测绘技术手段发挥了巨大作用。美军在海湾战争中使用数字地图，火力打击精度高达95％。恕我直言，我军在这方面手段如何？

　　袁树友：20世纪80年代，我国就已开始筹划航天遥感测绘卫星的研究了。1987年9月9日，我国第一颗摄影测量卫星发射成功并顺利回收，经过冲洗、立体测量、控制加密等处理，获取了大量的高精度测绘成果，极大提高了测量的效率和精度，也为我军战略武器的测绘保障提供了有力的技术支持。后来，我们又连续发射了数颗第二代航天遥感测绘卫星，至此，我国的摄影测量技术正式由航空走向航天。

　　20世纪末期我们又开始了传输型测绘卫星的研究，2004年发射的传输型试验卫星,为研制建设传输型测绘卫星系统奠定了坚实的技术基础。这种技术广泛应用之后，将使我们拥有长期的、稳定的测绘数据源，可以及时获取全球影像数据，为作战指挥、武器装备和部队行动提供更加有力的保障。

　　主持人：在汶川大地震中，当灾区通讯、电力、交通全部中断时，北斗导航定位系统依然能够向外界发送灾情短报，进行导航定位。这是否代表我军现代军事测绘导航定位水平和能力？

　　袁树友：北斗卫星导航是我军现代测绘导航水平和能力的一个缩影。现代高技术战争，参战武器装备、兵力人员实际上是置于一个四维全球时空坐标系统中。这使得我国的军事测绘又有两个新的增长点：军事测绘导航定位技术和军用时间基准。我国从20世纪90年代开始研制“北斗”卫星导航系统，到2003 年12 月北斗卫星导航实验系统正式开通运行，成为世界上第三个拥有自主卫星导航系统的国家。汶川地震中，我们独立的导航定位系统发挥巨大作用，1000多台北斗指挥机传回灾情报告4万多条、进行定位服务13万多次，为国人所自豪，为世界所注目。本世纪初，我军建立了独立的高精度时间基准——中国军用原子时，它将时间精度精确到纳秒级，不仅提高了精确作战能力，还应用到国防经济建设的命脉中。

　　主持人：在影视剧中，常常有这样的镜头，指挥员在一张军用地图上制定作战方案、摆兵布阵。这种传统的“纸上谈兵”，在瞬息万变的信息化战争中，还能满足战争的需求吗？军事测绘导航是如何为现代战争服务的？

　　袁树友：20世纪90年代，世界上发生的几场局部战争，使我们清楚地认识到；现代军事测绘导航保障应该凸显实时性、全球性、动态性的特点，只有构建一体化的地理信息平台，才是打赢信息化战争的关键。

　　本世纪初，我们正式启用高精度的全球地心坐标系——2000中国大地坐标系，至此，我国军事测绘建成统一坐标系统和标准。它的投入使用将有效提升我军作战训练水平，有效提高高精尖武器的打击效能。我们的战场环境仿真系统可以真实地展现战场环境，指挥员如同身临其境，可以从多角度观察、实时获取各种地理空间信息，更加全面地认识和了解战场环境，为部队作战训练提供了可视化、可进入、可交互的“数字化战场”平台。在2009年中俄联合军演中，作战指挥员在一体化战场指挥环境中摆兵布阵，当作战指令发出时，闻风而动的战斗机、巡航导弹上，装备了地形匹配，景像匹配等先进的导航定位技术，如同给这些战斗机武器装上“千里眼”“顺风耳”，使武器打击的精度和命中率大大提高。

　　在今年的国庆阅兵盛典中，我们采用最新技术研制的“国庆首都阅兵指挥控制三维模型推演系统“，集多源影像、三维仿真、地理信息于一体，能够依据阅兵方案计划，实现机动进入、标兵列队、阅兵式、分列式、疏散与回撤等行动的精确推演和三维展示，为国庆阅兵的指挥控制和模拟推演提供了精确的地理空间环境支持。

　　近年来，虽然我军军事测绘导航保障力量已经梯次分明、形成规模，但离打赢信息化战争的要求，还有很长的路要走，我们将按照“需求牵引、创新发展，信息主导、综合集杨，突出重点、统筹全局，主动服务、精确保障“的原则，加速构建信息化条件下的军事测绘导航体系。

Since the founding of New China, our military surveying and mapping technology to what happens? Present our military surveying and mapping can meet the needs of future wars? With these questions, this reporter visited had taught for many years in the Surveying and Mapping Surveying and Mapping Bureau of General Staff Major General Secretary of Friends of Yuan Shu.

Moderator: You have for many years been engaged in surveying and mapping navigation industry, and has taught for many years in the mapping is a scholar-leadership. Win a modern war, the need to build a transparent battlefield; to build a transparent battlefield, is inseparable from the military mapping navigation. Since the founding of New China, our military surveying and mapping technology to change?

Yuan Shu-You: Military mapping navigation in our army's operational command, equipment construction, military training, disaster relief and national economic construction, has a unique and important basis for security roles, and take a "cognitive the earth, transparent battlefield, precision measuring objectives, real-time navigation "The strategic mission. Mapping soldiers is a glorious traditions, exquisite skills and generosity of the troops, first by the party and state leaders on a "special ability to endure hardship, in particular, to dedicate, in particular, to fight," praise.

New China has just established, our military surveying and mapping tools is still quite backward, and relies on a pen, a drawing board, an instrument such as simple equipment, be taken based on labor-intensive manual work-based modes of production. Measurement tasks for the completion of maps, mapping Bashansheshui soldiers, camped, using primitive tools work, measured the earth with his feet, and many people gave up his military mapping of young lives.

After the reform and opening up, especially in the 20th century, the late 90s, the rapid development of China's information industry, new technology fully into the military mapping and navigation area, in the space remote sensing, satellite navigation and positioning, and mapping and digital information engineering, has made a welcome breakthrough. Navigation technology in our military surveying and mapping tools from the manual operations to digital technology, and information technology oriented. Computer graphics have been replaced by manual operation, the network has been formed production scale, in the past need to map a large number of warehouses stacked on little condensed into a chip. Field mapping is also digitalized. Today, the field mapping the officers and men in their hands palm-sized satellite positioning machine, no matter where we come to the motherland will automatically measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the point.

Moderator: Everyone knows that in the last several local war, advanced mapping technology to play a significant role. U.S. troops in the Gulf War, the use of digital maps and firepower accuracy of up to 95%. With respect, our military means in this regard how?

Yuan Shu-You: 20th century 80 years, China had already begun planning for aerospace remote-sensing satellite mapping study. September 9, 1987, China's first satellite successfully launched a photogrammetric and smooth recovery, after washing, three-dimensional measurement, control, encryption and other processing, access to a large number of high-precision surveying and mapping results, greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of measurement, for our army's strategic weapons, surveying and mapping support provided strong technical support. Later, we launched a number of stars consecutive second-generation space remote sensing mapping satellites, bringing China's photogrammetry technology official from the air into space.

The late 20th century that we began a study of transmission-type mapping satellite in 2004, the transmission-type experimental satellite launched for the development of the transmission-type mapping satellite system has laid a solid technical foundation. After extensive use of this technology will enable us to have a long-term, stable source of mapping data can be timely access to global image data for operational command, weaponry, and military action to provide a more effective protection.

Moderator: In the Wenchuan earthquake, when the disaster communications, electricity, transportation and all the disruption, the Beidou navigation and positioning system are still able to send a disaster in a short report to the outside world to carry out navigation and positioning. Does this mean that our army in modern military mapping and navigation level and ability?

Yuan Shu-You: Compass Navigation Satellite navigation is the army of modern surveying and mapping the level and capacity of a microcosm. Modern high-tech war, war weapons and equipment, personnel strength is actually placed in a four-dimensional world space coordinate system. This makes our military surveying and mapping have two new growth points: the military surveying and mapping navigation and positioning technology, and military time reference. China from the 20th century, 90, began developing the "Compass" satellite navigation system, to Compass in December 2003 the official opening of satellite navigation experimental system is running to become the world's first three with their own satellite navigation system. Wenchuan earthquake, we have a separate navigation and positioning systems play a significant role in more than 1000 Taipei fighting command and control aircraft to return reports on the flood of more than 40,000, positioning services 13 million times, and for the people of the pride of world attention. Beginning of this century, our military has established an independent high-precision time base - the Chinese military atom, it will be time to nanosecond precision accurate to not only improve the precision engagement capability, but also applied to the lifeblood of economic development in national defense.

Moderator: In the TV drama, and often there is such a lens, the commander on a military map on the development of operational plans, put soldiers lineup. This traditional "paper" in a rapidly changing information warfare, but also to meet the war needs? Navigation is how the military surveying and mapping services for modern warfare?

Yuan Shu-You: 20th century 90's, the world has witnessed several local wars, so that we clearly recognize that; modern military surveying and mapping navigation security should highlight the real-time, global, dynamic characteristics, and only build an integrated geographic information platform, is the key to winning the information war.

Beginning of this century, we have opened high-precision global geocentric coordinate system - 2000 China geodetic coordinate system, so far, China's completion of the unified military mapping coordinate systems and standards. It will effectively put to use to enhance the level of training our military operations, effectively improve the effectiveness of sophisticated weapons to attack. Our battlefield environment simulation system can truly show the battlefield environment, commanders, as on the ground, can be observed from different angles, real-time access to a variety of geo-spatial information, a more comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the battlefield environment, providing combat training for troops visualization, access, interactive "digital battlefield" platform. Sino-Russian joint military exercise in 2009, the operational commanders in the integrated battlefield command environment, put soldiers manoeuvering, when the combat command is issued, Follower of fashion fighters, cruise missiles, the equipped with a terrain contour matching, scene matching and other advanced navigation and positioning technology, as weapons and equipment for these aircraft to "telescope" "ears" so that weapons to attack the accuracy and hit rate increased substantially.

In this year's National Day military parade grand ceremony, we are using the latest technology and developed a "National Day military parade in the capital, deduced three-dimensional model of command and control system", set multi-source images, three-dimensional simulation, geographic information in one, be able to parade program plan based on achieving mobility access, pacesetter parade, parade, broken type, actions such as evacuation and retracement of the precise deduction and three-dimensional display, for the National Day parade of the command and control and simulation inference provides accurate geo-spatial environment to support.

In recent years, our military surveying and mapping navigation security forces have been echelon distinct scale, are still far from winning the information warfare requirements, there is still a long way to go, we will be in accordance with the "demand traction, innovation and development, information-led, a comprehensive set of Yang, focused, co-ordinate the overall situation, active service, accurate to protect "principle, accelerate the building of information under conditions of military surveying and mapping navigation system.